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Contact tracing technology and privacy
For some time now, many tech companies have been working on solutions to help mitigate the impact of the global COVID-19 crisis. Most of the proposed systems determine the location or proximity of the user through mobile phones and, thus, send alerts about a possible contact with the disease.
Contact tracing has been one of the main ways to combat the importation of rare infectious diseases. Contact tracing technology (TACT) evolved during the 2009 influenza pandemic, 2014 Ebola, and 2018 monkeypox. While the efficacy of TACT is still debated, the impact of its use is a matter of debate.
Unfortunately, TACT systems also provide an opportunity for large and powerful corporations to expand their influence and control. One way to do this is to use technology and data in response to the pandemic.
To address the privacy issue of TACT application deployment,
many academics have published articles with suggestions on privacy settings
that should be tested when dealing with this type of system. The following is a
list of parameters that the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and the Johns
Hopkins Center for Health Safety have identified to ensure proper
implementation of these applications.
The basic principles to apply to evaluate the TACT system are:
It should not exclude non-technical measures.
Do it voluntarily.
This is not a punishment.
It should be created in collaboration with public health
professionals.
You must maintain confidentiality.
You don't have to discriminate.
Their dependence on the central government should be
minimal.
Minimization of generalized data.
You must avoid data leaks.
Its impact must be measurable.
You must have an exit strategy.
It must be specifically tuned to deal with a specific
outbreak.
Auditable and repairable.
It can be maintained steadily.
Few technological contact tracing systems have made
significant contributions to the fight against diseases like COVID-19. The
above aspects related to the software development process should be taken into
account. Factors such as the risk of violations of basic civil rights, civil
liberties and privacy come into play. It is our responsibility as technicians
committed to the quality of the software development process, as well as the
quality of the systems, to ensure that the above principles are implemented.
Additionally, local policies are important as they help ensure proper
development of TACT systems. In this way, we can protect fundamental rights to
privacy and health in the future.
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